欧盟的十个创新海洋观测系统项目，为海洋和蓝色经济的循证管理提供投入，在强大的集群“滋养蓝色经济和共享海洋知识”中强强联手。在 EuroSea 项目的领导下，该小组发布了一份联合政策简报，列出了可持续海洋观测和管理的建议。
海洋覆盖了地球表面的 70%，并提供了许多我们赖以生存的生态系统服务，这些服务可以提高我们的生活质量。想想海洋在气候控制和提供我们呼吸的空气和我们饮用的淡水方面的作用，还有海鲜、可开发的无机资源（如沙子和矿物）、可再生能源、航运、旅游业等。
据估计，到 2030 年，蓝色经济的规模有可能进一步翻番，但人类活动加剧对海洋生态系统及其服务的总体影响（例如海洋变暖、酸化、脱氧、海平面上升、分布和丰富的鱼类等）仍然很难量化。此外，海洋数据显得零散、不均匀、存在数据缺口且难以获取。这限制了我们可持续管理海洋及其资源的能力。
在欧洲联手
因此，需要制定一个框架，以更深入地了解海洋生态系统，将可靠、及时和适合目的的海洋观测与循证管理决策的设计和实施联系起来。
为了为未来建立这样一个框架提供投入，十个创新的欧盟项目建立以用户为中心、跨学科、响应迅速和持续的海洋信息系统，并提高蓝色经济的可持续性，联合起来形成一个强大的集群，以更好地解决关键的全球问题。海洋挑战。在 EuroSea 项目的领导下，该小组将其共同关注转化为建议，并在联合政策简报“滋养蓝色经济和共享海洋知识”中列出了这些建议。可持续管理的海洋信息。’。
“NIVA 领导了 FerryBox Ships of Opportunity 和研究船协调任务，这是 EuroSea 海洋观测平台技术的一个子集。这些观测平台为支持未来可持续和高效的蓝色经济提供了关键观测，”研究经理Andrew King说尼瓦。
10个项目通过同声异响，共同努力实现欧盟绿色协议、巴黎协定（联合国气候变化框架公约）和联合国2021-2030海洋科学促进海洋可持续发展十年所设定的目标。
“很高兴与其他创新项目合作并根据不同的观点和专业知识提出联合建议。我们共同致力于将我们的科学和创新活动的价值具体化，以便它们能够产生较高的社会影响”， EuroSea 的 Toste Tanhua协调员 GEOMAR 说。
完整的政策简介可以在这里下载，建议总结如下。
建议
1. 建立欧洲科学海洋观测长期资助政策框架
需要持续的观察和更好的生物学理解来捕捉所有海洋变异，并评估海洋变化、其生态影响和对人类的潜在影响。观测和数据提供机制应被视为研究基础设施，需要可持续和充足的资金。理想情况下，结果将是关于海洋观测的框架指令，这将确保对整个欧洲的海洋观测和海洋信息交付工作提供可持续的支持和更好的协调。
2.支持下一代“蓝员工”的职业化
不断增长的蓝色经济将需要更多高素质和熟练的专业人员，而蓝色数字化转型也 需要新的技能和能力。针对研究人员的有针对性的培训计划需要支持。下一代“蓝色员工”也应该通过扩大努力增加装备较差的国家的参与，吸引更多女性，鼓励年轻人，传播良好的科学做法，促进人员交流和吸引新用户使用基础设施来丰富下一代。这将提高学术和工业海洋部门的就业能力。
3. 通过投资于 IT 观察将数据转化为知识
收集不同类型数据的不同技术的结合，将能够填补在生态、生物多样性、对气候变化的敏感性和海洋资源可持续开发潜力方面的蓝色部门动态的知识和理解空白。因此，开发更详细地研究和分析海洋的新兴技术至关重要，例如在现有地球观测系统中集成模块化海洋低成本传感器、推广物联网、开发人工智能和机器学习工具、和促进欧洲高性能计算，强调云数据存储。
4. 定义全球标准和互操作性实践
海洋学界已经在开发数据标准化和互操作性，但需要一个更正式的框架。这将提高数据质量水平并确保更有效和可持续地使用海洋数据和信息。需要一种实现互操作性和共享（跨学科）元数据政策的系统方法。无论您在哪里提交数据，都可以在全球范围内收获和扩大其影响，同时跟踪出处。
5. 为政策、公平获取、民主化和关键数据贡献加强公民科学
公民参与决策应被视为使政策过程更透明和更容易获得的一种方式。通过积极支持公民科学倡议，政策制定者促进科学教育并呼吁公民为社会做出贡献的自然意愿。最终，海洋观测科学变得更加民主，一种新型的自我驱动、可持续和具有成本效益的观测台概念被创造出来。还需要建立向公民提供反馈的机制。公民还必须配备易于使用的系统来收集和上传/下载数据。
参考资料：
政策简报“滋养蓝色经济和共享海洋知识”。在 2021 年 10 月 15 日举行的 EuroSea 政策反馈会议上，向欧盟代表介绍了海洋可持续发展信息。
Policy Brief ‘Nourishing Blue Economy and Sharing Ocean Knowledge’
Ten innovative EU projects to build ocean observation systems that provide input for evidence-based management of the ocean and the Blue Economy, have joined forces in the strong cluster ‘Nourishing Blue Economy and Sharing Ocean Knowledge’. Under the lead of the EuroSea project, the group published a joint policy brief listing recommendations for sustainable ocean observation and management.
The ocean covers 70% of the Earth’s surface and provides many ecosystem services that we cannot live without or that improve the quality of our lives. Think of the ocean’s role in climate control and providing the air we breathe and the fresh water we drink, but also of seafood, exploitable inorganic resources (such as sand and minerals), renewable energy, shipping, tourism, etc.
The Blue Economy is estimated to have the potential to further double in size by 2030, but the overall consequences of the intensification of human activities on marine ecosystems and their services (such as ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, sea level rise, changing distribution and abundance of fish etc.) are still poorly quantified. In addition, marine data appear fragmented, are inhomogeneous, contain data gaps and are difficult to access. This limits our capacity to sustainably manage the ocean and its resources.
Joining forces in Europe
Consequently, there is a need to develop a framework for more in-depth understanding of marine ecosystems, that links reliable, timely and fit-for-purpose ocean observations to the design and implementation of evidence-based management decisions.
To provide input to the future establishment of such a framework, ten innovative EU projects to build user-focused, interdisciplinary, responsive and sustained ocean information systems and increase the sustainability of the Blue Economy, joined forces in a strong cluster to better address key global marine challenges. Under the lead of the EuroSea project, the group translated its common concerns to recommendations and listed these in the joint policy brief ‘Nourishing Blue Economy and Sharing Ocean Knowledge. Ocean Information for Sustainable Management.’.
“NIVA leads the task on FerryBox Ships of Opportunity and Research Vessel coordination which is a subset of the EuroSea ocean observing platform technologies. These observing platforms provide key observations for supporting a future sustainable and productive blue economy”, says Andrew King, Research Manager in NIVA.
By speaking with one voice, the 10 projects jointly strive to achieve goals set out in the EU Green Deal, the Paris Agreement (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) and the United Nations 2021-2030 Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Ocean Development.
“It was great to collaborate with the other innovative projects and make joint recommendations based on different perspectives and expertise. Together we aim to concretize the value of our scientific and innovative activities so that they can achieve a high social impact”, Toste Tanhua, EuroSea coordinator, GEOMAR, says.
The full policy brief can be downloaded here, the recommendations are summarized below.
Recommendations
1. Create a European Policy Framework for Scientific Ocean Observations Long-term Funding
Both continued observations and improved biological understanding are needed to capture the full range of ocean variability, and assess oceanographic change, its ecological implications and potential impact on humanity. The observation and data delivery mechanisms should be seen as research infrastructure, which require sustainable and adequate funding. Ideally, the outcome would be a framework directive on ocean observations, that would ensure a sustainable support and better coordination of ocean observing and ocean information delivery efforts across Europe.
2. Support the Professionalization of the Next Generation of ‘Blue Staff’
The growing Blue Economy will need more highly qualified and skilled professionals, with the Blue Digital Transformation also requiring new skills and competencies. Targeted training programmes for researchers need support. The next generation of “Blue Staff” should also be enriched by expanding efforts to increase participation of less equipped countries, attract more women, encourage young people, spread good scientific practices, facilitate exchange of personnel and attract new users to using infrastructures. This will increase employability in the both the academic and industrial marine sectors.
3. Transform Data into Knowledge by Investing in IT Observations
The combination of different technologies, which collect different kinds of data, will enable to fill in gaps in knowledge and understanding of the Blue Sector dynamics in terms of ecology, biodiversity, sensitivity to climate change and the potential for sustainable exploitation of ocean resources. Therefore, it is crucial to develop emerging technologies that study and analyse the ocean in greater detail, such as integration of modular marine low-cost sensors in existing Earth Observation Systems, promotion of Internet of Things, exploitation of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning tools, and promotion of European High Performance Computing emphasizing on cloud data storage.
4. Define Global Standards and Interoperability Practices
The oceanographic community is already developing data standardization and interoperability, but a more formalized framework is required. This will increase data quality levels and ensure more efficient and sustainable use of ocean data and information. A systemic approach towards interoperability and shared (cross-disciplinary) metadata policy is needed. It should not matter where you submit your data to be able to harvest and multiply its impact globally while keeping provenance tracked.
5. Strengthening Citizen Science for Policy, Equitable Access, Democratization and Critical Data Contributions
Citizen participation in decision-making should be considered a way to make the policy process more transparent and accessible. By actively supporting citizen science initiatives, policy makers foster scientific education and appeal to a citizen’s natural willingness to contribute to society. Ultimately, marine observation science is made more democratic, and a new type of self-driven, sustainable and cost-efficient observatory concept is created. Mechanisms to provide feedback to citizens also need to be put in place. Citizens must also be equipped with easy-to-use systems to collect and to upload/download data.
Referanse:
The policy brief ‘Nourishing Blue Economy and Sharing Ocean Knowledge. Ocean Information for Sustainable Development‘ was presented to EU representatives at the EuroSea policy feedback meeting 15 October 2021.Last updated 20.10.2021
NIVA China 